Varicose Veins (EVLA, Glue Therapy, RFA, and Sclerotherapy)
Varicose veins are enlarged, twisted, and swollen veins that commonly occur in the legs and feet. They develop when the vein valves fail to function properly, allowing blood to flow backward and pool in the veins. This leads to increased pressure and visible bulging veins under the skin. Varicose veins are not just a cosmetic concern—they can cause discomfort, heaviness, pain, and even complications if left untreated. With advancements in medical science, several minimally invasive treatment options like EVLA, glue therapy, RFA, and sclerotherapy are now available.
Causes and Risk Factors
Varicose veins are often caused by weakened or damaged valves in the veins. Several factors can increase the risk of developing varicose veins, including:
– Prolonged standing or sitting
– Family history of varicose veins
– Age (more common in older adults)
– Obesity
– Pregnancy
– Hormonal changes (such as menopause)
– Lack of physical activity
Symptoms of Varicose Veins
Symptoms can range from mild to severe and often worsen over time if not addressed. Common signs and symptoms include:
– Visible bulging veins, often blue or dark purple
– Heaviness or aching in the legs
– Swelling in the lower legs or ankles
– Muscle cramping or throbbing
– Itching around the veins
– Skin discoloration or ulcers in severe cases
Diagnosis
A diagnosis of varicose veins typically involves a physical examination. Your doctor may also recommend a Doppler ultrasound to assess blood flow in the veins and to identify the presence of venous insufficiency or blood clots. This imaging helps in choosing the most appropriate treatment option for your condition.
Treatment Options
There are several minimally invasive treatments available for varicose veins, depending on the severity and location of the affected veins:
– EVLA (Endovenous Laser Ablation): A laser fiber is inserted into the affected vein to heat and seal it shut. Blood is naturally rerouted to healthy veins.
– RFA (Radiofrequency Ablation): Uses radiofrequency energy to collapse and close the diseased vein. It's a quick, outpatient procedure with minimal downtime.
– Glue Therapy: A medical adhesive is used to seal the vein shut. It doesn’t require heat or anesthesia and offers excellent cosmetic results.
– Sclerotherapy: A chemical solution is injected into the varicose vein, causing it to shrink, close, and eventually fade away. Best for smaller veins or spider veins.
Recovery and Aftercare
Most treatments are performed on an outpatient basis and allow for a quick return to normal activities. Patients are advised to wear compression stockings, avoid prolonged standing, and engage in light walking to support healing. Follow-up ultrasounds may be scheduled to ensure the veins have closed properly.
Final Thoughts
Varicose veins are a common yet treatable condition. With modern therapies such as EVLA, RFA, glue therapy, and sclerotherapy, patients can achieve relief from symptoms and improve their leg appearance with minimal discomfort. If you are experiencing leg pain, swelling, or visible veins, consult a vascular specialist to explore the best treatment for you. Early intervention can prevent complications and enhance your quality of life.